Themes Topics Paper Split Cross-Topic Difficulty Grade Boundaries Predicted Papers
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IB Physics SL Past Paper Analysis — New 2025 Syllabus

Marks-weighted analysis of 198 questions across 570 marks from 18 IB Physics SL papers. The headline finding: 51.9% of all marks come from questions that fuse two or more topics — the redesigned exams reward students who connect the themes, not those who revise them in isolation.

New syllabus only. This analysis covers exclusively the redesigned 2025 IB Physics course — the 2025 specimen, May 2025 and November 2025 sittings (the first exams of the new syllabus). Older papers are deliberately excluded: the syllabus and paper structure changed, so their topic mix no longer maps to what is examined today.
★ Featured Cross-Topic Synthesis — why the new Physics papers punish gaps See Why
18
Papers Analysed
198
Questions Analysed
570
Total Marks
3
New-Syllabus Sittings
New-syllabus scope: Because the IB Physics course was redesigned for first examination in 2025, this analysis uses only the papers written for the new syllabus — the 2025 specimen papers, May 2025 and November 2025 sittings. Pre-2025 papers are excluded entirely; the old syllabus tested a different set of topics under a different paper structure, so mixing it in would distort every weighting on this page.
Methodology: Every question across 18 IB Physics SL papers has been read and tagged. Marks are allocated to the 5 syllabus themes (A–E) and their sub-topics. When a single question spans several topics, its marks are split among the relevant tags so that nothing is double-counted — which is also how we measure the cross-topic story below.
SL paper structure (2025 syllabus): Paper 1A — multiple choice. Paper 1B — data-based / experimental questions. Paper 2 — extended-response questions. There is no Paper 3 at SL, and SL has no HL-only topics.

Theme Weightage — the 5 Themes (A–E)

Share of total marks across the five IB Physics themes. Theme A (Space, time & motion) and Theme B (Particulate nature of matter) alone account for over half of every exam.

Marks Share by Theme

Theme Ranking

Mechanics (A) leads at 27.6%, but the marks are spread more evenly across all five themes than students expect — no theme can be safely skipped.

What IB Actually Tests — Sub-Topic Breakdown

All 19 examined sub-topics ranked by % of total marks, colour-coded by theme. This is the chart that matters most for revision planning.

Where Each Theme Lives — Paper 1A / 1B / 2

Marks per theme split across the three papers. Paper 2 (extended response) carries the heaviest load in every theme — and, as the next section shows, that is where the topics get fused together.

Paper 1A = multiple choice · Paper 1B = data-based / experimental · Paper 2 = extended response. Values are marks attributed to each theme after multi-topic questions are split among their tags.

★ The Big Story

Cross-Topic Synthesis: why the new Physics papers punish gaps

The redesigned 2025 exams were built to blend themes inside a single question. A Paper 2 part now routinely asks you to move from mechanics into fields, from matter into nuclear, from waves into thermal — all in one train of reasoning. Revising each topic in a silo is no longer enough: over half of all marks depend on connecting two or more topics together.

51.9%
of all marks sit in questions that combine 2+ distinct topics — that's 36 questions, 18.2% of the paper.
70.6%
of Paper 2 questions are multi-topic — 24 of 34 — and they carry 83.0% of all Paper 2 marks.
18
questions fuse 2+ different themes (A–E) in one question — not just sub-topics within a theme, but whole areas of physics.
Most common theme pairings in a single question
Themes fusedTimes seenWhat that means in a question
B + E Matter + Nuclear & quantum8Thermal, gas-law and atomic-structure ideas fused with radioactive decay, nuclear energy release and quantum behaviour.
A + D Motion + Fields6Momentum, kinematics and energy analysis fused with gravitational, electric and magnetic fields (charged particles, orbits, projectiles in a field).
B + C Matter + Waves4Thermal / particle physics fused with wave behaviour — standing waves in rods and gas columns, sound travelling through materials.
A + E Motion + Nuclear & quantum2Momentum and energy conservation applied to nuclear decay products and particle collisions.
A + C Motion + Waves2Kinematics and simple harmonic motion fused with oscillation and wave behaviour.
C + E Waves + Nuclear & quantum2Wave phenomena fused with atomic spectra and quantum ideas.
Hardest mixed-concept questions we've seen in the new papers
M25 TZ3

Mass defect & energy release, then momentum conservation to share the kinetic energy between decay products, then Geiger–Marsden atomic structure — one question, three connected steps.

E Nuclear & quantumA Motion
M25 TZ3

Buoyancy / floating equilibrium of a cork, its SHM when pushed down, a collision analysed by momentum, then thermal conduction, heat capacity and latent heat — plus the density anomaly of water.

A MotionC WavesB Matter
M25 TZ2

Stellar luminosity from black-body radiation, then apparent brightness via the inverse-square law — astrophysics linking radiation and geometry.

E Nuclear & quantumD Fields
N25 TZ1

SHM used as a timebase, feeding into uniform-acceleration kinematics, then resolving the component of g and friction on an incline.

C WavesA Motion
N25 TZ3

Free-body force analysis, circular motion held by friction, then kinetic energy compared with the work done by drag.

A Motion
N25 TZ3

Moles and atomic spacing, latent heat and internal energy, then longitudinal standing waves set up in a rod — matter physics into wave physics.

B MatterC Waves
M25 TZ2

Acceleration of a charge in an electric field, kinematics of its flight, then a magnetic velocity selector — a fields-and-motion chain.

D FieldsA Motion
M25 TZ2

Stellar fusion and mass–energy release, Wien's law for peak wavelength, Doppler shift from rotation, and gravitational equilibrium — five ideas in one astrophysics question.

E Nuclear & quantumC WavesD Fields

How to prepare for a synthesis exam

  • Practise connections, not just topics. Build the reflex of asking "what does this feed into next?" — decay leads to momentum sharing; a field leads to kinematics; latent heat leads to standing waves.
  • Drill full Paper 2 questions. With 70.6% of Paper 2 questions multi-topic and 83% of its marks in them, timed extended-response practice is the single highest-value activity.
  • Master the recurring pairings. B+E, A+D and B+C together account for most cross-theme questions — rehearse those links explicitly.
  • Get tutor-led linking. A tutor who reads the whole question with you turns "I knew the physics but couldn't see how it fit together" into marks — see Photon's IB Physics tuition.

Difficulty Spread of Every Question

How the 198 questions break down by accessibility. Most of the paper is genuinely attemptable — but the multi-topic questions above are where the "hard" band clusters.

Question Difficulty (all 198)

What the spread tells you

Accessible · 46 Qs

23.2% are entry points

Almost a quarter of questions are accessible marks — recall, single-step substitution and reading data. These are non-negotiable and should be banked in full.

Medium · 127 Qs

64.1% are the bulk

The core of every paper. Two- and three-step reasoning within a topic — reliable marks for students who have drilled past papers.

Hard · 25 Qs

12.6% separate the 7s

The demanding band, dominated by the cross-topic synthesis questions. This is exactly where connecting themes earns the grade.

IB Grade Boundaries — Physics SL

Official grade boundaries for the new 2025 Physics syllabus.

Coming soon

Grade boundary data is being collected

With only three new-syllabus sittings (2025 specimen, May 2025, November 2025) so far, we are gathering the official IB grade boundary documents before publishing a table. We will not print estimated or fabricated numbers here — as soon as verified boundaries are available for the redesigned Physics SL course, they will appear in this section.

Photon Physics SL Predicted Papers

Full IB-style predicted papers for the new Physics SL syllabus are in development — modelled directly on the cross-topic patterns you see above.

In development

Predicted Physics SL papers are on the way

Because the syllabus is new, we are writing Physics SL predicted papers from scratch — Paper 1A, 1B and 2 in exam style, deliberately built around the multi-topic synthesis that defines the redesigned course. They are not published yet. In the meantime, our tutors work through real new-syllabus questions with students and drill the exact theme pairings that carry the marks.

Struggling to connect the topics?

Photon Academy's IB Physics tutors specialise in the new 2025 syllabus — drilling the exact cross-topic questions that decide SL grades. Book a trial and see the synthesis approach in action.

Book a Trial Class